as input for the next round of changes). the two input files on the left Here are the three SCA's shown in this video:SCA2: https://www.zompist.com/sca2.htmlTriSCA: https://trimill.github.io/sca/Lexurgy: https://www.lexurgy.com/s. A nice geographic split (that may or may not actually mean much), much like that which exists within Indo-European languages. says to delete voiced stops between vowels. This version is written in Javascript, which means it runs in your browser. Sound changes, as they're called, are a major driving force of language change. To age a conlang, you might consider making a timeline of changes. Did you accidentally erase all your work? Code Issues Pull requests A Bot for the Discord Server of the Anglish project . A sound change applier, for historical conlanging. Hit Generate to create a random wordlist. Some other common notations are # for word boundaries and [+feature] or [-feature] to indicate the presence or lack of a certain feature respectively. The second is suitable for use in a dictionary with the etymology in brackets. Geoff's Sound Change Applier. if you add -* just after the rule gn/nh/_ in the default sound changes, you get output that looks like this: Browse lets you read in a file, and distribute it properly to the input fields. I guess this forum really isn't set up for the kind of intense assistance & interaction you really need. -l overrides -b if present) and Show intermediate results and Intermediate results only allow you to apply only a partial set of sound changes. Most of the time these slight differences are just noise and you go back to saying everything the same as before, but sometimes you make those mistakes often enough that they start to become a consistent part of your speech. It presents linguistically sound methods for creating naturalistic languageswhich can be reversed to create non-naturalistic languages. To improve my Latin-to-Portuguese file, for instance, I would Eventually, other rules you discover are going to intersect and sometimes abrogate another law. So the above rule can also be written, The environment must always contain an underline _, representing the part that changes. Curate this topic Add this topic to your repo . The Sound Change Applier 2 is an updated version of my C program which applies a set of sound changes to a lexicon. Parabolic, suborbital and ballistic trajectories all follow elliptic paths. Turkish, where all of the vowels in a word have to harmonize (for the most part) so that affixes have several different forms (for example, the genitive suffix is [in] after front unrounded vowels, [n] after back unrounded vowels, [yn] after front rounded vowels, and [un] after back rounded vowels). This is a Javascript program to help build phonological inventories. More generally, a sound change looks like this: To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. These are defined in the Categories box. Some of the most common general processes are: Lenition, probably one of the most common sound changes, in which a "softer" sound becomes a "louder" sound. a phonemic rendering. It would be better to output a phonetic representation. In the case that two words would be pronounced the same if a certain sound change happens, one of the following things can happen: Some kinds of sound changes are more common than others. That doesn't seem too broad to me. Derive words throughout the timeline and preserve changes in history. People rarely say any word perfectly; perhaps your was a little too far forward, or your wasn't rounded as much as it normally would be. (In English, -tion turn verbs into nouns, -ify turn nouns into verbs, other amazing examples here ) Go ahead and give some examples, by combining some roots with each other and with inflections! -f directs output to the output file only, Make a note of how certain sounds are "eroded" or, I guess more properly, how they evolve. phono - Phonology Builder. Which ability is most related to insanity: Wisdom, Charisma, Constitution, or Intelligence? I might Sound change appliers are powerful and useful tools, but they can have trouble with certain kinds of changes. I'm curious, and also want to know if I should switch out of using Zompist, which I've been using for the past long time. change to their voiced equivalents bdg Thanks for contributing an answer to Constructed Languages Stack Exchange! If sounds says your file could not be read in and you're sure Sometimes you want the rewrite rules to apply only to the input. A command-line sound change applier written in Python. I cannot vouch for its relevancy in modern linguistics (rule-based phonology was all but forsaken at my school), but as a conlanger it is very useful. These are defined at the top of the file. SCA - sound change applier - help - Zompist.com A Guide to Sound Changes : r/conlangs - Reddit It should be easy to make on-the-fly revisions to a project, even one you haven't touched in months. Hope this helps a few people. (I encourage you to fill in the line as a comment, e.g. For an example, you can download a The latest version is here! The Universals Archive is a searchable encyclopaedia with logical examples and occurrences of most linguistic features in the world, the universal ones and use statistics and correlation to determine the naturalistic contexts of the features. It is available in the form of a searchable archive, enabling its online users to retrieve universals in terms of any of the individual words or combinations of words that occur in their formulation or in their documentation. Runs from the command line using Java and is easily configured with text files. This subreddit is focused on the discussion of conlangs, tools, and activities to aid you in the construction of your own conlang, and creating a community environment where we can all enjoy conlanging together, Scan this QR code to download the app now. I don't see how this can be made less broad. 'Gross' is /atek/, 'very gross' is /atekul/, and 'inedible food' is /ategetul/. Mark Rosenfelder, 2018. Glottolog is a bibliographic database of the world's lesser-known languages, maintained at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig. 1 / 0. Hello, r/conlangs! Why does Acts not mention the deaths of Peter and Paul? Assimilation is when a sound changes to become more similar to the surrounding sounds. Velarization is a secondary articulation of a consonant where the back of the tongue is raised towards the velum. Each character in the replacement variable (here Z) The old SCA required that you use single characters instead. and the sound changes for Kebreni (right-click!). For instance, Simple metathesis is supported by the special replacement string \\. Alternatively, you can decide not to worry too much about the final product and simply select sound changes randomly. The Sound Change Applier 2 is an updated version of my C program which applies a set of sound changes to a lexicon. Sometimes two parallel dialects run along slightly different tracks. The Haedus Toolbox SCA is a very nice, phonetic segment-operating sound change applier created by Fiona Morrigan, a computational linguist and conlanger. based on spellings or phonemes. What are the general categories of sound changes? About. E.g., if a language had a sound change >that merged, say, /dZ/ and /Z/, how would it decide which one to >reconstruct? u/o/_# if a case distinction is maintained in some words and lost in others, it may spread Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Top 10 conlang Open-Source Projects (Apr 2023) - LibHunt Another possible inconsistency for sound changes is that more frequent words are more subject to changes. Files include input lexicon affects the file sharing buttons. One or more elements in the environment can be marked as optional with parentheses. want to change the definition of V. Though sound changes can refer to digraphs, gitlab. p goes to b, phonology - What is an overview of sound changes? - Constructed 101 examples on affix borrowing between languages. Save Input Words. That can be all there is, as in F=ie Look under Programs/Accessories and run Command Prompt. If a nasal consonant disappears, the mark it left on the vowel may remain, causing nasal vowels to become phonemic. You can examine the history of any the executables, pick Save Target As, and save them to your disk. p/b/V_V It is also possible just to browse through the Universals Archive. [kw] relaxes into [hw]; [dr] > [r] > [r]; as the final syllable weakens, the accent shifts towards the word head; as the accent shifts towards the word head, medial long vowels become shortened. Don't feel limited to delete all /e/ after a consonant. But which one do most people use? define the variables to match how you've set up the .lex The Yasgheld (/'jz.gld/) sound change applier is a project to create a sound-change applier to assist historical conlangers with consistent sound changes. where you downloaded sounds-- e.g. rev2023.4.21.43403. Lexurgy's design philosophy sets it apart from other sound change appliers: Embrace revision. So, for instance, the following rule is An IPA chart by the devoted web-developer Weston Ruter. I wanted to share something that I found useful in school and in hobby: a guide to sound changes over time. it's there-- you probably have file extensions turned off, and what you think The environment can contain variables, like V above. SCA was originally written as an aid for linguists and conlangers to simulate the effects of the Neo-grammarian concept of sound-change and is . -p tells sounds to print out which rules apply This allows you to test for something earlier or later on in the word. The original and most famous sound change applier is the SCA by Zompist. Jamie Norrish wrote: >Henrik Theiling writes: > >[Global and local boolean flags] > > In the way you can mark for dialects, my script allows . Hit Undo parse/upload, which will restore the state of your input fields before the last Browse or Parse command. Link: https://trimill.github.io/sca/. Make sure the two variable definitions are the same length! The easiest thing to do is to Of course the program knows SIL provides a database, Ethnologue, of its research into the world's languages. where x is the thing to be changed, To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. So if you have a rule, Epenthesis is supported by leaving the target part of the rule blank. Without this parameter, the output looks like this: resulting in obra. Let's take a look at the most common ones. What are common origins of accusative case markers? have the Notepad icon, and if you double-click it Windows will ask what app to open Geoff's Sound Change Applier - Conlang That can be all there is, as in, The character # represents the beginning or end of the word. Which SCAs does everyone prefer, and why? . Categories: C=ptkbdg R=rl V=ieaou. The advantage is that it supports Unicode, itll run on all systems, and you dont have to mess with ASCII or command lines anymore. Year 900, people need another way to say 'very gross', so they create /atek/ + /tul/ which would be /atektul/ but /kt/ is not allowed. conlang GitHub Topics GitHub leitor [lector] Fiat Lingua is a journal run by the LCS; all articles therein are produced by real-life conlangers and available online in .pdf format. For instance, suppose youve defined. That means running the program in a command window. to transform digraphs in the input file: Russian could be. While there are general patterns, it's also important to note that some sound changes seem completely illogical and random, and just sort of happen. In that case, make sure Rewrite on output is unchecked. (There are some general rules that determine what this actually means, although it can vary between languages). You could also use rewrite rules to allow longer or mnemonic names for your categories. Rules apply in the order theyre listed. If that was unclear from the question please tell me and I will edit it to bring this out more. If you need contextual rewrite rules just use SCA! TriSCA - a new web-based sound change applier : r/conlangs - Reddit E.g. The problem is that I have no idea how to even begin choosing rules for sound changes, nor how to describe them. Latin did this, so that original flos and honos became flor and honor, to match their genitives floris and honoris. gives the transformed value of each character in the input variable (here S). E.g. you could define S to be any stop, or K for any coronal, or whatever. I didnt use * because a) its very computery and b) people may have used it in their sound changes and I didnt want to break them. Now you can run sounds as described above. Why don't we use the 7805 for car phone chargers? So you really have a lot of room for creativity here, while still being able to be naturalistic. SCA - Sound Change Applier. phonix, a feature-based sound-change applier. omits the source word from the output, leaving only output words, like this: 'to cook', since the original cocer has merged with Example: Year 400, make word /atege/ (nasty, disgusting, gross), Year 500, form /atege/ + /tul/ (extremely, augmentive) --> /ategetul/, /ategetul/ stays /ategetul/ because there is no final /e/. for this, though this is not a requirement. This would help us realize that we really need a sound change Add your rewrite rules at the top and bottom of the file, with the appropriate context specifications. Here are the three SCA's shown in this video:SCA2: https://www.zompist.com/sca2.htmlTriSCA: https://trimill.github.io/sca/Lexurgy: https://www.lexurgy.com/scLet me know if there are more sound changers you want me to review!Comment below.Become a part of the imp community today!Join the Discord!https://discord.gg/zCA2Urv7TcBecome a atron on Patreon!https://www.patreon.com/nguh-------------------Questions?