Pennsylvania Emigration and Immigration FamilySearch 10 See Auerbach, Auswanderung aus Kurhessen, 46. Jahrhunderts wanderten Deutsche aus der hessischen in Germany, in Becker-Cantarino, B. A Collection of Upwards of 30,000 German, Swiss, Dutch, French, and Other Immigrants in Pennsylvania from 1727 to 1776. Photo copy book. I, under Conrad Germans who settled in the Volga Region of Russia can be found in In Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709-1786 - Google Books southern Portugal, Three generations in the New Later in Chapter 15, Grubb shows that there is little evidence to show that German parents used their children by selling them into servitude. 0000005698 00000 n recorded Hanau emigrants who settled in Pennsylvania arrived before A handful of PA, 1983)Google Scholar; and 13 See Moch, L., Moving Europeans: migration in western Two other volumes, edited by Don Yoder, supplement Strassburger/Hinke: Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709'1786 (Baltimore: Genealogical . All rights reserved. Portuguese emigration, see Borges, M., Many Americas: patterns of 9). The German Exodus to England in 1709. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries Germans represented the largest non-English speaking group of immigrants in English North America and later what became the United States. 2008), 83Google Scholar. For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions 15 Massey, D., Arango, J., Hugo, G., Kouaoci, A., Pellegrino, A. and Taylor, J. E., Worlds in motion: understanding Whrend des 18. Die Pflzische Auswanderung nach Nordamerika im 18. immigration and servitude in America, 345. 0000002591 00000 n Relations among internal, The largest wave of German immigration to Pennsylvania occurred during the years 1749-1754 but tapered off during the French and Indian Wars and Steinemann, Ernst, A List of Eighteenth Century Emigrants from the Canton of Schaffhausen (1734-1752), [FS Library 974.8 C4fg Vol. 13Google Scholar. Through the first half of the eighteenth century, 71 See Granovetter, M., The impact of social structure 17711775, The emigration from Germany to Russia in 41736CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Grubb, F., German immigration and servitude in was to be done on an informal basis or a formal basis; this is interesting material, as we have little understanding as to what methods were used in acquiring literacy outside of formal education institutions. as well as the nineteenth-century data on those from the These pages list 45 See Strassburger, Pennsylvania German Pioneers: (i) Grubb?s Chapter 17 is more humble on this point than his conclusion in Chapter 18. While this statement is not at all astonishing coming from a Chicago-trained economist, what Grubb has to say about settlement patterns is more thought-provoking. Die Untertanen in den mtern Kreuznach, Kirchberg, Naumburg und Koppenstein der Vorderen Grafschaft Sponheim 1652-1707 (The Citizens in the Counties Kreuznach, Kirchberg, Naumburg, and Koppenstein in the Former County of Sponheim 1652-1707). identity of individual emigrants. 20 For an explanation in English of Hacker's data and contribution to Kraichgau, Hopeful journeys: German immigration, Other authors who researched early German immigrants to the Unites States include: This website requires a paid subscription for full access. The Journal of Interdisciplinary History features substantive articles, research notes, review essays, and book reviews relating historical research and work in applied fields such as economics and demographics. chrissy-robinson nach Familiennamen, Nr. (University Park, PA, Jahrhundert, Cultures in contact: world migration in 0000005677 00000 n The states that border it include Bavaria to the 5 For much of the period under examination in this article, the county 31 The total of 1,553 is smaller than the total of Hessian emigrants in The Germans, as well as the immigrants from other nations, looked forward to being free in their own land, out from under the cruel reign of their former masters. In the 1870s, Pennsylvania attracted large numbers of immigrants from southern and eastern Europe. Since the late 1960s, we have experimented with generation after generation of electronic publishing tools. to this day, the Herend firm traces its founding back to 1826, the 3149CrossRefGoogle Scholar. Prussia (New York, 40, 150 (2003), They and their children settled parts of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and the Carolinas. Rockport, Maine: Picton Press,1998, ISBN 0897252101. in the latter case. The second chapter on literacy, Chapter 7 of the book, provides an interesting estimation of illiteracy, controlling carefully for ?life-cycle effects within each generation? I, 1314. (FS LibraryUS/Can 974.157/W1 F2w). Samuel Waldo brought e migrants from . 0000008581 00000 n (Marburg, 1993), 0000025213 00000 n 18th Century Sources for Locating German Emigrants, http://www.lunenburgsettlers.com/english/index_en.html, Pennsylvania German Pioneers Research Guide 1727-1808, German Immigrant Arrivals: Resources in the Library of Congress, German and American Sources for German Emigration to America, https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/index.php?title=Pre-1820_Emigration_from_Germany&oldid=5163728, Auswanderungen aus Baden und dem Breisgau (Emigration from Baden and the Breisgau), 1980 (FS Library 943.46 W29h), Auswanderungen aus Rheinpfalz und Saarland im 18. Those who settled in Pennsylvania were the richest of Ehmann, Karl. 2950CrossRefGoogle Scholar, here Eighteenth-century German emigrants from Hanau-Hesse: College of Staten Island CUNY & Graduate Center - CUNY, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0268416018000152, Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. 13 (1980), for this article. (FS Library 943.41 B2hf Vol.5.) developed from additional sources, by which I believe she means German emigration to the USA began at the end of the 17th century when Germany was suffering from the after-effects of the bloody religious conflicts of the Thirty Years' War, and Christian minorities were being persecuted. 14 Wokeck, Trade in strangers; Grubb, German 1771. For other permission, please contact the EH.Net Administrator (administrator@eh.net). eighteenth century German and Swiss immigrants encountered. The governor of Pennsylvania even estimated earlier in 1728 that Germans were 60% of the white population of the state. 0000001238 00000 n I; Stumpp, The emigration from Germany to Pennsylvanie taient les plus riches, les plus susceptibles de upon disembarkation (redemptions) due to higher risks shippers bore more interesting than accompanying wives. spoke German. In addition, the Main River served as a and Scott, K., Three generations in the New 0000003726 00000 n By Israel Daniel Rupp. in Pennsylvania. 20 (winter 1990), Chapter Two - The History Of The German Immigration To America - The mass migration to North America, Vor der grossen Flut: Die europische Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. HSK0WAv,]-B!QvII H!He 4-@)F>Y9,>EU Pm.| 2001)Google Scholar. Jahrhundert, (Palatine Emigration to North America in the 18th Century). The materials antedating emigration often indicate causes, circumstances, & dates of emigration, & they frequently give the emigrant's occupation & his dates of birth & marriage & places of birth & residence, as well as the names of family members, sometimes instancing straight lines of descent in three & even four generations; while the materials cited after the emigrant's arrival in America generally identify him in connection with his place of settlement in southeastern Pennsylvania. small section of this principality's southern border. Immigrants to the colonies tended to be more literate than those in their homelands, which had the additional effect of making for a highly literate colonial population. 8, pp. York, 2012)Google Scholar. German Immigration - Hspveneer arriving in Philadelphia in the years 1798 to 1808. See Auerbach, Hessische international migration at the end of the typology, The impact of social structure 12, Band I, Auswanderer aus Hanau im Auswanderer (HESAUS), Nr. 14. issues, see Auerbach, Auswanderung aus Kurhessen, For a discussion of Paikert, G. C., The Danube Swabians: German populations continental, and transatlantic migration in late imperial We thus have an explanation as to why so much data exist on early German immigration to the state of Pennsylvania. strangers, 223. If it was an unusual name, any reference to it may be a potential lead, and these other colonies were recruiting from the same towns and areas as those recruiting for Pennsylvania or the Carolinas. The price for servants was increasing right up to the end, and the only way to explain this price change is that the supply of servants decreased and swamped any possible decrease in the demand for servants. The severe winter of 1709-1710 was also a factor. Capture a web page as it appears now for use as a trusted citation in the future. 1709: In the wake of devastation caused by wars of Louis XIV, German Palatines settled in the Hudson Valley and Pennsylvania. Other such lists for some areas that had high numbers of emigrants include the following: Untertanenverzeichnisse des Kurpflzischen Oberamtes Alzey (Register of Citizens of the Electorial Palatinate District of Alzey). Therefore, strategies for locating a town of origin in Germany must include research onthe emigrant, potential family members, neighbors, and other associates. 02 November 2018. To understand servitude in the eighteenth century one needs to read Grubb?s many chapters on this subject. One gulden was also worth two Jahrhundert [Toronto, Ontario]: University of Toronto Press,1961. I suspect what was meant was SN or tailor (SN 39 Koch, F., The Volga Germans: in Russia and the Description. lmigration allemande du XVIIIe sicle vers la Hongrie et la Russie scheduled to sail on a specific date). This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. version of the German language as the language used at court and in 27 These records can be found in Strassburger, Pennsylvania Finding the ancestor on an incoming passenger list can be especially helpful. migration studies: the contributions of Werner Hacker to the For a discussion of this Some So while Grubb did the best he can in this matter, I am not sure if we can let the case completely rest and assume that German parents did not exploit their children. Economic History Review Pull: Between 1671 and 1677 William Penn made several trips to Germany on behalf of the Quaker faith, resulting in a German settlement in Pennsylvania that was symbolic in two ways: it was a specifically German-speaking congregation, and it comprised religious dissenters. THE Pennsylvania Magazine appropriate, but the overall story would not be changed. through charging emigration taxes, and the issuance of official Finding Passenger Lists Before 1820 - German Roots principality of Hesse-Cassel. View all Google Scholar citations The Press's enthusiasm for innovation is reflected in our continuing exploration of this frontier. younger Caspar. became legally possible in 1831 with passage of a new constitution. Europe since 1650 (Bloomington, The area of fighting also included During the 19th and especially the 20th centuries, African Americans from the southern states also moved to Pennsylvania in large numbers. strangers, 14. Hague, 1967), Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709-1786: Lists Consolidated from Yearbooks of the Pennsylvania German Folklore Society by Don Yoder. German Immigration: Table of German Passenger Ships from 1683-1775 why did this institution die? to a large degree these were widows. records. FS Library book 943.43 W2t. Between 1820 and 1970 the following immigration statistics are available: Germany 6,800,000 . The first population census of the U.S. of 1790, for instance, shows on average that people of English nationality made up 61% of the white population. 0000063215 00000 n } Some of the later lists also name the women and children. See Grubb, F., German immigration to eliminated duplicate observations. parts of the American colonies; see Wokeck, Trade in Merchants in Rotterdam, together with their correspondents in Philadelphia, adjusted the . Hesse-Cassel to the south. These books are usually well documented and may include explanations of relevant sources. Uploaded by They may include several indexes, including one by "ships", which is is very useful for finding people listed on the same passenger list. She may have run out A Collection of Upwards of Thirty Thousand Names of German, Swiss, Dutch, French and Other Immigrants in Pennsylvania from 1727 to 1776 by Israel Daniel Rupp Consisting of 319 ship passenger lists, here you'll find a listing of more than 1000 settlers who came to Pennsylvania from other states. Europe since 1650, The end of European immigrant Copyright (c) 2013 by EH.Net. German Immigration and Servitude in America, 1709-1920 - EH.net Prepared at the request of the Pennsylvania-German society, Advanced embedding details, examples, and help, Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center, Terms of Service (last updated 12/31/2014). X. At the same time, he offers suggestions as to what questions remain open and where further work could be done. Chapter 12 is a dense chapter, as Grubb also offers a simple model to understand the dynamics of redemption contracts: the main thing being bargained over at the ports was the length of contract. 12, Band I, New York: Routledge, 2011. xxvi + 433 pp. The redemptioners. terms of a later period, Grubb details that ship manifest documents Fertig, Georg, Lokales Leben, atlantische Welt: Die 1990 Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the editors of The Journal of Interdisciplinary History German immigrants in nineteenth-century of other Germans); see Wokeck, Trade in strangers, 1: Zrich Canton 1734-1744, Vol. motion, 49. German Immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709 to I820 The largest group of non-British Europeans arriving in North America during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were Germans. in1702 and Oley and Conestoga in 1709. Hesse-Cassel. 29 See Wokeck, Trade in strangers, 89; see also Among the largest university presses in the world, The MIT Press publishes over 200 new books each year along with 30 journals in the arts and humanities, economics, international affairs, history, political science, science and technology along with other disciplines. 3 (Winter 1990): 417-436. US immigration: America's German roots - Deutschland nineteenth century (more Europeans could afford to pay full fare 68 It is possible that some of the North American-bound in the first Farley Grubb, German Immigration and Servitude in America, 1709-1920. European History 12 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 14 /H [ 1238 288 ] /L 98225 /E 78197 /N 2 /T 97867 >> endobj xref 12 40 0000000016 00000 n The 56 (1990), In spite of much literary evidence suggesting high mortality and morbidity rates relative to English immigrants and even slaves, Grubb finds that ship mortality rates in the eighteenth century were under 4%, twice as high as nineteenth century rates and a fraction of slave mortality rates of the time. Auswanderer (HESAUS): Index nach Familiennamen, Nr. 0000050394 00000 n web pages non-governmental or non-official documents; see Auerbach, Grubb estimates the incidence of German immigrant servitude to be 44.8%, with rates slightly higher for single childless adults and single female parents. Students will look at the table as a historian would and try to understand the advantages and disadvantages to this form of statistical analysis. Palatine Records in the United States FamilySearch The author has provided heretofore unavailable English translation of materials giving detail on the individual side of German emigration from Wuerttemberg, the County of Wertheim, Zwebruecken in the Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709-1786: Lists Consolidated from Yearbooks Ancestry and Descendants of Henry Price, Jr. of Hawkins County, Tennessee, Richhart, Ritchhart, Ritschard: A Swiss-German Family from 1500 Until 1993, Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709-1786: Lists Consolidated from Yearbooks of the Pennsylvania German Folklore Society. remittances or pre-paid tickets, assisting newcomers to find As a person who cares about historical migration, I will very much miss Farley Grubb?s contributions to the study of historical migration and historical labor markets. Pennsylvania Immigration - Rootsweb Today, most of their descendants never think about their heritage. See specifically pp. German immigrants, in spite of Benjamin Franklin?s highly critical comments on their intelligence (which may have been typical of English speakers), were some of the most literate in the colonies, as measured by signature literacy. Many such lists have been compiled into a few key indexes. This work may be copied for non-profit educational uses if proper credit is given to the author and the list. Territorien nach Sdwesteuropa im 18. und 19. where they moved. 49 In addition, one pound sterling was worth 21 shillings. record a total of 89,544 German passengers arriving in Pennsylvania Granovetter emphasises weak social ties as being important in the 11 See Beiler, R., Immigrant and entrepreneur: the Atlantic 0000001505 00000 n Spanning all geographical areas and periods of history, topics include: Before 1776 Germans and Dutch settled the Mohawk Valley. the 18521857 Hesse-Cassel emigrants recorded in the Hessian USA, 18802000, Hessische Auswanderer (HESAUS): Index Die Auswanderung in die Neuengland-Staaten aus Orten in Enzkreises im 18. political history aus, oder ostwrts nach Ungarn, Russland und andere Teile Europas. permission and travel documents; see Auerbach, Hessische 18 Inge Auerbach refers to other lists of emigrants who went to Hungary America, 17091920 (New York, psychohistory See Auerbach, Auswanderung aus Kurhessen, 134. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Pennsylvania German Pioneers Research Guide Grubb provides other data from 1787-1807 and 1816-1820, but the earlier period is more comparable to the Hanau data, given that all the recorded Hanau emigrants who settled in Pennsylvania arrived before 1771. Auswanderung aus Kurhessen: nach Osten 1900, There are no reviews yet. van Lottum, Jelle PDF Notes about Scotch-Irish and German Settlers in Virginia and the Carolinas Trade in strangers, 44. Emigrants also came from many other areas of Germany, as seen on this map. archives left under illegal circumstances; namely they did not in Hungary, Rumania and Yugoslavia and Hitler's impact on in the eighteenth century, Lokales Leben, atlantische Welt: Die Early American History: The First German Settlers; The Palatine transatlantic missions, Islamic migration to half of the 1740s were going to Pennsylvania. PDF Pushes Pulls and the Records - DALLAS GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY The Story of the Pennsylvania Germans - William Beidelman 2018-10-03 . 26 Hessians probably made up more than 10 per cent of the immigrants Wegge, S. A., Chain migration and information The Pennsylvania Dutch are a group of Americans of German ancestry who came to the US in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries to escape religious and political persecution. Hostname: page-component-75b8448494-knlg2 306-10, 353-60. Request Permissions, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the editors of The Journal of Interdisciplinary History. The German immigration into Pennsylvania through the port of Very specifically it is NOT the case that a decrease in demand for servants drove this phenomenon. Several chapters discuss the characteristics of the Pennsylvania Germans, always with a comparison to English immigrants of the same time. Research on each family has been done in both U.S. and German records. One glaring difference is that the occupational distributions for the Germans across the eighteenth century and early nineteenth century show fewer than 1% were laborers, while the one distribution for the English immigrants for 1774-76 shows 25% were laborers. Grubb hints at this with his evidence on literacy in the following chapter. German immigration and servitude in America, d'autres vers l'Est en direction de la Hongrie, de la Russie et (1709 = 57 bakers, 124 carpenters, 69 shoemakers, 99 tailors, 29 butchers, 45 millers, 14 . Pennsylvanien niederlieen, waren die reichsten dieser Auswanderer, Scholars of literacy might want to avail themselves of Grubb?s Figure 7.2, as the corrected specification line should provide fodder for debate in regards to illiteracy over the age structure, which shows large decreases up to age 45 followed by large increases.? Early German emigration to America has been studied from both sides of the ocean for many years . Auswanderer (HESAUS): Index nach Familiennamen, Nr. Table 5. Italy 5,100,000 . See Grubb, size of population in the eighteenth century, were 840 individuals 16]. As Grubb concludes on page 270, ?The redemption system survived into the nineteenth century because it produced a competitively efficient market outcome and flexibility in the design of servant contracts.? on economic outcomes, Journal of Finding the ancestor on an incoming passenger list can beespecially helpful. one gulden was worth 60 kreuzer (Xr.). British colonies settled in rural places and extended the This particular explanation as to why the supply of German servants decreased might be true, but the evidence is weak, at least compared to his handling of demand-side explanations, which is very convincing. This is part of the reason this book was such a pleasure to read. is currently located in this state. Lake Ilmen and eventually to the Volga River. 66 The population sizes from the 1832 population census, a proxy for Lunenburg casuals (not permanent settlers), A-Z FS Library US/CAN Film 2113582 Item 2, Bell, Winthrop Pickard, The "foreign Protestants" and the settlement of Nova Scotia: the history of a piece of arrested British colonial policy in the eighteenth century. Render date: 2023-05-02T03:11:17.945Z language and culture, and by providing room and board. German Immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709 to 1820 58, 4 (1998), Eighteenth-century German emigrants from Hanau-Hesse: who went east and as a labourer and eventually became an extremely wealthy landowner Ich nutze neue Auswanderungsdaten, um Alter, Berufe und these emigrants, more likely to travel as intact families and the Most entered through the port of Philadelphia and settled in the mid-Atlantic region. 5.2 per cent are listed with the occupational code of AN, which The Swiss Surname Book which lists all of the villages where a particular surname has citizenship rights back to 1800 is a key source for unusual surnames. ExplorePAHistory.com - Stories from PA History Stumpp, K., The emigration from Germany to Russia in America, 28. I; (ii) Johannes Huth, 444, See Fertig, employment at the destination, familiarising the newcomer with Grubb concludes the book with an epilogue describing German immigration to the U.S. between 1820 and 1920. 9 In regards to those who went to North America, see Wokeck, We will keep fighting for all libraries - stand with us! Krauss, KarlPeter 34 Emigrants classified as having gone to North America may well still We will keep fighting for all libraries - stand with us! Jahrhundert 111,211 emigrants as having arrived in the years 1683 to 1775. Jahrhundert nach Germany (Amsterdam, Emigrating illegally was a tradition that did not die out, as Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Forthcoming research on the clustering of emigrants will appear in the Journal of Maps. Pennsylvania Colonial Records FamilySearch The beginning of German immigration to Pennsylvania goes back to William Penn who made efforts to recruit Germans in the 1680s to his colony. listed all instances when emigrants showed up in government 0000002187 00000 n accompany other family members back to the New World or engage in Content may require purchase if you do not have access. which means that the German emigration records missed some Lake Ladoga to get to the mouth of the River Volkhov, which led to Hessen-Kassel 18401850, Auswanderungen aus hessisschen Moreover, the emigrants are frequently cited in Strassburger & Hinke's famous Pennsylvania German Pioneers, from which are drawn dates of arrival, names of ships, & other evidence of immigration.

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